What Causes Kidney Stones ?
Kidney stones form when substances like calcium, oxalate, and uric acid crystallize in the urine.
Types of Stones :
- Calcium oxalate : Most common; linked to high oxalate foods (spinach, beets).
- Uric acid : From high protein diets.
- Struvite : From urinary tract infections.
- Cystine : Rare; caused by genetic disorders.
Symptoms :
- Severe pain in the back or side.
- Blood in urine.
- Frequent, painful urination.
Prevention :
- Drink plenty of water (2-3 liters daily).
- Reduce sodium and oxalate-rich foods.
- Medications to control calcium or uric acid levels.
Treatment :
- Pain management and hydration.
- Lithotripsy to break stones.
- Surgery for large stones.
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